Bibliometric Differences Between WEIRD and Non-WEIRD Countries in the Outcome Research on Solution-Focused Brief Therapy.

Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) developed in parallel to Positive Psychology, as a type of intervention that also emphasizes the strengths and resources of clients. The aim of this study was to examine the development of outcome research on SFBT and to determine whether it is predominantly carried out in Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic (WEIRD) countries. A literature review was conducted using a bibliometric methodology, identifying: (a) authors and countries, (b) time trends, (c) language of publications; (d) and journals; (e) samples on which they were tested; (f) characteristics of interventions; and (g) main study designs. A total of 365 original outcome research articles published in scientific journals on solution-focused interventions were extracted. The results show that outcome research on SFBT has grown steadily over the last three decades. Although it started in WEIRD countries, the number of outcome research publications generated in non-WEIRD countries is now higher. There is little international collaboration and, although English is the main language of publication in WEIRD countries, English, Chinese and Parsi predominate in non-WEIRD countries. Productivity is low and most authors have only published one paper. The journals that have published the most papers have a very diverse visibility. The tested interventions are conducted both in clinical and non-clinical samples; mostly in individual and group format; face-to-face; and not only in the form of psychotherapy, but also as coaching and school interventions. Almost half of the publications are randomized controlled trials. The results confirm the wide applicability of SFBT as a single or main component of psychosocial interventions. They support the claim that solution-focused interventions are not a WEIRD practice, but a global practice.

Binge Drinking: The Top 100 Cited Papers.

We conducted a review to analyze the 100 most-cited studies on binge drinking (BD) in the Web of Science (WoS) database to determine their current status and the aspects that require further attention. We carried out a retrospective bibliometric analysis in January 2021. The year of publication, authors, design, subject, journal, institution and lead author's country, as well as the definition of BD, were extracted from the articles. The data on the country, year, thematic category of the journals and their rank were obtained from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Journal Citation Reports 2020. The number of citations was collected from the WoS, and the h index was collected from the Scopus database. The citation density and Bradford's law were calculated. The majority of the articles were empirical quantitative studies with a cross-sectional design published between 1992 and 2013 in 49 journals. There were 306 authors, mostly English-speaking and from the USA. The definitions used to describe BD are not homogeneous. The most-cited topics were the analysis of consequences, determinants and epidemiology. There is a need to unify the definitions of BD and base them on scientific evidence. The multidisciplinary nature of BD is not well reflected in each of the thematic areas discussed in this work.

Positive Organizational Psychology: A Bibliometric Review and Science Mapping Analysis.

Positive organizational psychology (POP) is a research area that focuses on the positive aspects of optimal functioning at work. Although consolidated and with a large volume of publications, no bibliometric analysis has been performed that allows knowing its high-level structure, developments, and distribution of knowledge since its origins. The objective is to analyze the 7181 articles published in POP on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). A retrospective bibliometric analysis and science mapping were performed. The title, authors, institutions, countries, scientific categories, journals, keywords, year, and citations were extracted from WoSCC. Impact factor, quartile, and country were collected from Journal Citation Reports (JCR) 2019. Authors were classified according to the proposal of Crane, and Bradford's law was calculated. The results show that it is an area with more than 100 years of experience, divided into three stages of different productivity and visibility, highlighting a decrease in its visibility in recent years. With a multidisciplinary and international interest, psychology and business and economics stand out, especially in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. Four popular study topics emerged: well-being at work, positive leadership, work engagement, and psychological capital.

When and how do hospital nurses cope with daily stressors? A multilevel study.

BACKGROUND: During their workday, nurses face a variety of stressors that are dealt with using different coping strategies. One criticism of the contextual models of work stress is that they fail to focus on individual responses like coping with stress. Neverthless, little is know about the momentary determinants of coping in nurses. OBJECTIVES: To identify the momentary predictors of problem-focused approaching coping and emotion-focused approaching coping, as well as those for seeking social support and refusal coping strategies, during the working day in nurses. DESIGN: This study uses descriptive, correlational, two-level design with repeated measures. SETTINGS: Wards of two University hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: A random cohort of 113 nurses was studied. METHODS: An ecological momentary assessment was made of demand, control, effort, reward, nursing task, coping, mood and fatigue, and of coping style by questionnaire. Multilevel two-level statistical analyses were performed in order to identify both within person and between person relationships. RESULTS: Different momentary types of coping were associated with different tasks. The problem-focused coping could be explained by the direct care and medication tasks, demand, planning coping style, mood, and negatively by acceptation coping style. Emotion-focused coping could be explained by documentation and medication tasks (negatively), mood, demand, distraction, and disengagement coping styles. Seeking social support coping could be explained by the task of communication, mood, fatigue (negatively), and seeking emotional support as a coping style. Refusal coping could be explained by mood, and the coping style of focusing and venting emotions. Refusal coping is not specific to any task. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of the coping strategy depends on the task, of their appraisal and on the different styles of coping.

Multiple Chemical Sensitivity in Chemical Laboratory Workers.

BACKGROUND: Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) is an acquired disease which etiology remains unknown. It is characterized by the development of sensitivity to certain chemical products.Most of the hypotheses formulated to explain the syndrome associate it to a previous exposition to some kind of volatile chemical. University researchers in chemical laboratories suffer a phenomenon of multi-exposition to chemical agents at low concentration during long periods of time although in an irregular form. Many of these chemical agents have similar properties to those suspicious of causing MCS. This article studies the prevalence of MCS in laboratory researchers. METHODS: The study group is university researchers in chemical laboratories. The control group was obtained from administrative personnel who work in the same universities and therefore, are not exposed to chemical products from the laboratories, but have the same exposition to the rest of environmental polluting agents from the area and from the buildings of the university. In this study, it is used the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) (sensitivity of 92%/specificity of 95%). RESULTS: The results showed that the prevalence of MCS for the university researchers is not related to exposition by inhalation to multiple chemical agents, at low concentration. CONCLUSIONS: The results disagree with one of the main etiological hypotheses of MCS, which is based on the existence of hypersensitive people, who presents a response after prolonged expositions to very low concentrations during a long period of time.

Stress in nurses: The 100 top-cited papers published in nursing journals.

AIM: To identify and analyse the 100 most cited papers on stress in nurses published in nursing journals. BACKGROUND: The number of citations an article receives is an index of its impact on the scientific community. An analysis of the most cited articles on stress in nursing would allow us to identify the most important articles and to obtain information about this area of knowledge. DESIGN: A retrospective bibliometric analysis. DATA SOURCES: In 2016, 111 journals belonging to the "nursing" category were identified in the Science and Social Science Citation Index. A search was performed of the Science Core Collection Website for articles on stress published in these journals. REVIEW METHODS: The topic, type of article, publishing journal, countries and institutions of origin and year of publication were extracted from the articles. The impact factor, immediacy index, journal country and publisher and h index were collected from the Institute for Scientific Information. The citation density, citation tendency and Bradford's law were calculated. RESULTS: They identified articles were mostly empirical quantitative studies with a transversal design, published from 1975 - 2011 in 23 journals. They were signed by 233 authors, most of whom are English-speaking from the USA and UK. The core distribution of the publications comprises a single journal, the Journal of Advanced Nursing. CONCLUSION: The study of stress in nursing has shown increased visibility and recognition each decade. The most recent articles have the highest number of citations, are the highest in rank and have the higher citation densities.

Relación de la sensibilidad química múltiple con alergias y piel atópica en trabajadores de laboratorios químicos universitarios / Multiple Chemical Sensibility Related to Allergies and Atopic Dermatitis among University Chemistry Laboratories Workers

OBJETIVO: Este trabajo pretende estudiar la relación entre la prevalencia de la SQM, y el hecho de que las personas sean alérgicas, asmáticas o cuenten con piel atópica. ANTECEDENTES: La Sensibilidad química múltiple (SQM) es una enfermedad adquirida cuya etiología sigue siendo desconocida. Se caracteriza por el desarrollo de una sensibilidad a ciertos productos químicos. MÉTODO: Para la realización del estudio se analizó la prevalencia de la SQM entre dos colectivos de trabajadores universitarios: el colectivo de investigadores de laboratorios químicos, y el del personal administrativo (sin exposición ocupacional a productos químicos). Ambos grupos trabajan en las mismas universidades y sufren de la misma exposición a la polución ambiental y la proveniente de la construcción de los edificios. Para identificar a los sujetos sensibles se utilizó el Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) (sensibilidad del 92% /especificidad del 95%). Mientras que para identificar a los sujetos con piel atópica o alérgicos o asmáticos se seleccionó aquellos que habían sido diagnosticados por un médico y que habían sido tratados durante los últimos 10 años. RESULTADOS: Los resultados muestran que los trabajadores con piel atópica, en el conjunto de la población estudiada tanto en los grupos de trabajadores de laboratorio como de trabajadores administrativos, presentan una mayor prevalencia de SQM que el resto. Sin embargo, no se obtienen los mismos resultados con respecto a los trabajadores que padecen alergias o asma. DISCUSIÓN: Este resultado apunta a que la etiología del síndrome pueda estar relacionado con los mecanismos que generan una piel atópica. Sin embargo, ser alérgico o asmático no presenta relación con la prevalencia de SQM, a pesar de que las personas que padecen alergia o asma tienen una mayor prevalencia de personas con piel atópica. Esto contradice la asociación entre el mecanismo de sensibilización alergénica y la etiología de la SQM

OBJECTIVE: This paper tries to study the relationship between the prevalence of multiple chemical sensitivities (MSC) and the fact of being allergic, asthmatic or having atopic skin. INTRODUCTION: Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) is an acquired disease of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the development of sensitivity to certain chemical agents. METHOD: Two groups of university workers were selected for this purpose; university researchers from chemical laboratories and university office workers (with no occupational exposition to chemical agents). Both of them work at the same universities and suffer from the same exposition to the rest of the environmental pollution agents coming from the area and those pollution agents coming from the building construction. In order to determine the MCS prevalence, the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) was used (sensitivity of 92% /specificity of 95%). The subjects with atopic skin, allergies or asthma were selected among those medically diagnosed and treated in the last ten years. RESULTS: The results show that the workers with atopic skin (that is, the laboratory studied group and the office workers) display greater prevalence of MCS than the rest among the population studied. However, there were different results coming from workers with allergies or asthma. DISCUSSION: This outcome indicates that there is a possible relation between the etiology of the MCS syndrome and the mechanisms that generate the atopic skin. However, being allergic or asthmatic doesn't have any relation with the prevalence of MCS, even though people who suffer from allergy or asthma have greater prevalence of atopic skin. Therefore, the results refute the association between the mechanism of allergenic sensitivity and the etiology of MCS

Flow in Nurses: A Study of Its Relationship With Health and Burnout in a Hospital Work Context.

How does the experience of flow among nurses influences their health? This question is addressed on the basis of a model of flow, stress, burnout, and coping. The results indicate that promoting flow can be a way to enhance the health of ward nurses in a hospital work context.

How does emotional exhaustion influence work stress? Relationships between stressor appraisals, hedonic tone, and fatigue in nurses' daily tasks: A longitudinal cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Work-related stress is a prevalent condition in the nursing profession, and its influence may vary according to changeable individual and situational factors. It is, therefore, important to investigate the real-time momentary changes in these factors and their relationship to emotional exhaustion experienced by nurses. OBJECTIVES: We aim to analyse how their perceptions of demand, control, effort and reward change according to the task performed through real-time assessment and interact with the emotional exhaustion level of ward nurses. DESIGN: The research design was longitudinal. METHOD: A three-level hierarchical model with a repeated measures design was used to assess the momentary self-reports of 96 hospital ward nurses, completed using a smartphone programmed with random alarms. RESULTS: Findings show that demand, effort, and control appraisals depend on the task performed. The task appraised as most demanding, effortful, and controllable was direct care. Reward appraisal depends on the task performed and personal variables, i.e. emotional exhaustion. The situations perceived as more rewarding were rest and direct care. Momentary hedonic tone can be explained by the task performed, demand, reward, emotional exhaustion and by the interaction between emotional exhaustion and demand appraisal. Momentary fatigue can be explained by the task performed, demand, reward, and the emotional exhaustion. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of using momentary measures to understand complex and changeable inter-relationships. While also clarifying the targets of intervention programmes aimed at preventing burnout within the nursing profession.

Predictors of distress in hospital physicians: protective and vulnerability factors / Predictores de distrés en médicos hospitalarios: factores protectores y de vulnerabilidad

This study investigates the relationship between protective and vulnerability factors affecting health (distress) in medical staff. Participants were 127 doctors from four public hospitals, who were administered the Occupational Stress in Health Professionals Inventory, the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Symptom Check-list-90 Revised Questionnaire, and the Flow Trait Scale-2. Following the methodology of Partial Least Squares modeling (PLS), an explanation is given for distress in hospital physicians, where the avoidance coping strategy produces distress directly (beta = .296) and indirectly (beta = .139) through its influence on the increase of burnout (beta = .314), which in turn is in-creased by occupational stress (beta = .209). Professional flow, measured by professional efficacy and flow, acts as a good protector against distress (beta = -.133), partly compensating the effects of the variables which have an increasing impact on an individual’s distress (GoF = .983). To sum up, when trying to predict a physician’s distress, four key elements should be considered: avoidance coping and its indirect effect through burnout on distress; the burnout construct itself and professional flow

Este estudio investiga la relación entre factores protectores y de vulnerabilidad que afectan la salud (distrés) del personal médico. Los participantes fueron 127 médicos de cuatro hospitales públicos, a quienes se les administró el Cuestionario de Estrés Ocupacional, el Cuestionario de Estilos de Afrontamiento, el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach, el Cuestionario de 90 Síntomas-Revisado y la Escala de Experiencia Óptima-2. Siguiendo la metodología de Mínimos Cuadrados Parciales (PLS) se propone una explicación del estrés en médicos hospitalarios, según la cual la estrategia de afrontamiento de evitación produce directamente distrés (Beta = .314), que a su vez se ve incrementado por el estrés ocupacional (Beta = .209). La experiencia óptima profesional, medida mediante la eficacia profesional y el estado de flow, actuaría como un buen protector contra el distrés (Beta = -.133), compensando en parte los efectos de las variables que incrementan el distrés (ajuste global, GoF = .983). En resumen, cuatro serían los elementos a considerar al intentar predecir el distrés médico: afrontamiento evitativo y su efecto indirecto a través del burnout en el distrés, el constructo de burnout en sí mismo y la experiencia óptima profesional

Elaboración de un cuestionario para la evaluación de competencias genéricas en estudiantes universitarios / No disponible

Las orientaciones educativas promovidas por el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) requieren la planificación didáctica de materias o asignaturas orientadas hacia la adquisición de competencias por parte del alumno. En este proceso se hacen necesarias también las herramientas que permitan la evaluación de dichas competencias. Nuestro objetivo es la elaboración de un instrumento para evaluar las competencias adquiridas y el grado potencial de inserción en el mercado laboral de los estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, elaboramos un cuestionario inicial con 52 ítems de respuesta graduada que contestaron 94 estudiantes de cuarto curso de la Licenciatura de Psicología de una universidad española. Obtuvimos un cuestionario final de 45 ítems, con una consistencia interna de 0,92, distribuidos en seis factores, y que explican el 53,15% de la varianza total. El cuestionario desarrollado podría aplicarse tanto en organizacionales como académicos (AU)

The educational orientations promoted by the European Space of High Education (EEES) they require the didactic planning of matters or subjects guided toward the acquisition of competences on the part of the student. In this process they become necessary the tools that allow the evaluation of this competences. Our aim is the elaboration of an instrument to evaluate the acquired competences and the potential grade of insert in the labour market of the university students. For it, we elaborate an initial questionnaire with 52 items of graduate answer that 94 students of fourth course of the Degree of Psychology of a Spanish university answered. We obtained a final questionnaire of 45 items, with an internal consistency of 0, 92, distributed in six factors, explaining 53,15% of the total variance. The developed questionnaire could be applied so much in organizational as academic settings (AU)

Elaboración de un cuestionario para la evalúación de competencias genéricas en estudiantes universitarios / A questionnaire for evaluating generic competences in university students

Las orientaciones educativas promovidas por el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) requieren la planificación didáctica de materias o asignaturas orientadas hacia la adquisición de competencias por parte del alumno. En este proceso se hacen necesarias también las herramientas que permitan la evaluación de dichas competencias. Nuestro objetivo es la elaboración de un instrumento para evaluar las competencias adquiridas y el grado potencial de inserción en el mercado laboral de los estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, elaboramos un cuestionario inicial con 52 ítems de respuesta graduada que contestaron 94 estudiantes de cuarto curso de la Licenciatura de Psicología de una universidad española. Obtuvimos un cuestionario final de 45 ítems, con una consistencia interna de 0,92, distribuidos en seis factores, y que explican el 53,15% de la varianza total. El cuestionario desarrollado podría aplicarse tanto en organizacionales como académicos

The educational orientations promoted by the European Space of High Education (EEES) they require the didactic of matters or subjects guided towards the acquisition of competences on the part of the students. In this process they become necessary the tools that allow the evaluation of this competences. Our aim is the elaboration of an instrument to evaluate the acquired competences and the potential grade of insert in the labour market of the university students. For it, we elaborate an initial questionnaire with 52 items of graduate answer that 94 students of fourth course of the Degree of Psychology of a Spanish university answered. We obtained a final questionnaire of 45 items, with an internal consistency of 0,92, distributed in six factors, explaining 53,15% of the total variance. The developed questionnaire could be applied so much in organizational as academic setting